Optimisation of Design and Manufacturing Parameters of 3D Printed Solid Microneedles for Improved Strength, Sharpness, and Drug Delivery

3D printing has emerged as a powerful manufacturing technology and attracted significant attention for the fabrication of microneedle (MN)-mediated transdermal systems. In this work, we describe an optimisation strategy 3D-printed MNs, ranging from design to drug delivery stage. The key relationships between parameters quality performance are systematically explored. post-printing set were found influence material mechanical properties, respectively. It was demonstrated that MN geometry affected piercing behaviour, fracture, coating morphology. insulin in porcine skin by inkjet-coated MNs shown be influenced design.